stool of repentance การใช้

An alternative to, or commutation of, the Stool of Repentance was payment of buttock mail.
The normal punishment was a public confession through use of the Stool of Repentance, but payment of buttock mail commuted this sentence, allowing the convicted fornicator to avoid public humiliation.
He was ordered to appear at the church door of Edinburgh when the second bell rang for public worship, clothed in sackcloth, bare-headed and bare-footed; to stand there until the prayer and psalms were finished; when he was to be brought into the church to hear the sermon, during which he was to be'placeit in the publick spectakill [ stool of repentance ] above the peiple .'He was to repeat this procedure at Dundee and Jedburgh, where he had officiated as minister.